For a supplied hypothesized sample mean and a supplied set of values, the Excel Z.Test function calculates the one-tailed probability value of the Z-Test.
I.e. the function returns the probability that the supplied hypothesized sample mean is greater than the mean of the supplied data values.
The Z.Test function is new to Excel 2010. However, this is simply an updated version of the Ztest function, which is available in earlier versions of Excel.
The syntax of the Z.Test function is:
where the function arguments are:
| array | - | The set of values against which the hypothesized sample mean is to be tested. |
| x | - | The hypothesized sample mean. |
| [sigma] | - |
An optional argument that represents the population standard deviation, if this is known. If omitted, the function uses the sample standard deviation. |
If you want to calculate the two-tailed probability value of the Z-Test, this can be done by using the Z.Test function, combined with the Excel Min function, as follows:
| A | B | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4 | =Z.TEST( A1:A12, 5 ) |
| 2 | 5 | =Z.TEST( A1:A12, 6 ) |
| 3 | 2 | |
| 4 | 5 | |
| 5 | 8 | |
| 6 | 9 | |
| 7 | 3 | |
| 8 | 2 | |
| 9 | 3 | |
| 10 | 8 | |
| 11 | 9 | |
| 12 | 5 |
Column A of the above spreadsheet on the right contains an array of 12 data values. The mean of these values is 5.25.
Cells B1 and B2 of the example spreadsheet show the Excel Z.Test function used to calculate the one-tailed probability value of the Z-Test for two different hypothesized sample means.
For the hypothesized sample mean 5.0, the one-tailed probability value of the Z-Test is calculated by the formula:
which gives the result 0.371103279.
For the hypothesized sample mean 6.0, the one-tailed probability value of the Z-Test is calculated by the formula:
which gives the result 0.838129187.
Note that in the above two examples, the [sigma] argument is omitted from the function. Therefore, the Z.Test function calculation uses the standard deviation of the supplied array as the population standard deviation.
For further details and examples of the Excel Z.Test function, see the Microsoft Office website.
If you get an error from the Excel Z.Test Function, this is likely to be one of the following:
| #N/A | - | Occurs if the supplied array is empty. |
| #NUM! | - | Occurs if the [sigma] argument is supplied and is equal to zero. |
| #DIV/0! | - |
Occurs if either:
|
| #VALUE! | - | Occurs if either the supplied x or the supplied [sigma] is non-numeric. |