The Excel Database Functions are designed to assist you when working with an Excel database.
A database typically takes the form of a large table of data, where each row in the table stores an individual record. Each column in the spreadsheet table stores a different field (or type of information) for each record.
The database functions perform basic operations, such as count, max, min, etc, but they enable the user to specify criteria, so that the operation is performed on selected records only. Other records in the database are ignored.
The Excel Dcount function returns the number of cells containing numeric values, in a field (column) of a database for selected records only.
The records to be included in the count are those that satisfy a set of one or more user-specified criteria.
The function is very similar to the Excel Countifs function, which was introduced as a new function in Excel 2007.
The syntax of the Excel Dcount function is:
where the arguments are:
| database | - | A range of cells containing the database. The top row of the database should specify the field names. | ||||
| [field] | - |
An optional argument which specifies the field (column) within the database for which you want to return the count. This can either be a field number, or can be the field name (i.e. the header in the top row of the database) encased in quotes (e.g. "Gender", "Subject", etc). If the [field] argument is omitted, the Dcount function simply returns the count of all records that satisfy the supplied criteria. |
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| criteria | - |
A range of cells that contain the criteria, to specify which records should be included in the count. The range can include one or more criteria, which are presented as a field name in one cell and the condition for that field in the cell below. E.g.
|
Wildcards
The Excel Database functions allow the following wildcards to be used in text-related criteria:
? - matches any single character
* - matches any sequence of characters
(If you actually want to find the ? or * character, type the ~ symbol before this character in your search).
E.g. the condition "a*e" will match all cells containing a text string beginning with "a" and ending in "e".The criteria supplied beneath each field heading can be either:
Note that the Excel database functions are not case sensitive. So, for example, the criteria ="Male" will be satisfied by cells containing the text "Male" or "male".
| A | B | C | D | E | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Name | Gender | Age | Subject | Score |
| 2 | Amy | Female | 8 | Math | 63% |
| 3 | Amy | Female | 8 | English | 78% |
| 4 | Amy | Female | 8 | Science | 39% |
| 5 | Bill | Male | 8 | Math | 55% |
| 6 | Bill | Male | 8 | English | 71% |
| 7 | Bill | Male | 8 | Science | awaiting |
| 8 | Sue | Female | 9 | Math | |
| 9 | Sue | Female | 9 | English | 52% |
| 10 | Sue | Female | 9 | Science | 48% |
| 11 | Tom | Male | 9 | Math | 78% |
| 12 | Tom | Male | 9 | English | 69% |
| 13 | Tom | Male | 9 | Science | 65% |
The following examples are based on the above simple database on the right, which stores the examination marks scored by four children in three different subjects.
The example below uses the Dcount function to count the number of Science examination scores recorded for male students. The criteria are specified in cells G1 - H2 and the Dcount formula is shown in cell G3:
| G | H | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Subject | Gender |
| 2 | Science | Male |
| 3 | =DCOUNT( A1:E13, "Score", G1:H2 ) | |
The above Dcount function finds that there are 2 rows for which the Gender is "Male" and the Subject is "Science". However, only one of these rows (row 13) contains a number in the "Score" column. Therefore, the function returns the value 1.
Note that, in the above example, the Dcount function has excluded cell E7 from the count, because this cell contains text, and not a number. (However, this cell would have been counted if the Dcounta function had been used instead of the Dcount function).
In the example below, the Dcount function is used to find the number of Math examination scores recorded for females.
| G | H | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Subject | Gender |
| 2 | Math | Female |
| 3 | =DCOUNT( A1:E13, "Score", G1:H2 ) | |
The above Dcount function finds two rows in which the Subject is "Math" and the Gender is "Female". However, as cell E8 is blank, the functions only counts cell E2. Therefore the functions returns the value 1.
Note that, in the above two examples, instead of typing in "Score" for the [field] argument, we could have simply used the number 5 (to denote the 5th column of the database).
In the example below, the Dcount function is used to find the number of English examination scores that are higher than 60%.
In this case, the [field] argument is omitted, so the Dcount function simply counts all rows satisfying the supplied criteria:
| G | H | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Subject | Score |
| 2 | English | >60% |
| 3 | =DCOUNT( A1:E13, , G1:H2 ) | |
The above Dcount function finds three rows for which the Subject is "English" and the Score is greater than 60%. The function therefore returns the count 3.
For further examples of the Excel Dcount function, see the Microsoft Office website.